C# (pronounced "C sharp") is a programming language developed by Microsoft, designed for building a wide range of applications that run on the .NET framework. The syntax of C# is similar to other C-style languages like C, C++, and Java, but it also has its own unique features
Why Learn CSS?
- Versatility: C# is versatile, used in a wide range of applications including web development, game development, mobile app development, and enterprise software solutions.
- Market Demand: There is a strong demand for C# developers in the job market, particularly in industries such as technology, finance, and healthcare.
- NET Ecosystem: C# is part of the .NET ecosystem, offering access to extensive libraries, frameworks, and tools that streamline development and enhance productivity.
- Cross-Platform Development: With .NET Core and later versions, C# enables cross-platform development, allowing you to build applications for Windows, macOS, Linux, and even mobile platforms like Android and iOS.
- Learning Curve: C# has a relatively gentle learning curve, especially for those familiar with other C-style languages like Java or JavaScript, making it accessible to beginners while still offering advanced features for experienced developers.
C# is case-sensitive, meaning that uppercase and lowercase letters are considered distinct. For example, "MyVariable" and "myvariable" are treated as different identifiers.
You can add comments to your code using // for single-line comments or /* */ for multi-line comments. Comments are ignored by the compiler and are used for documentation or notes within the code.
// This is a single-line comment
/* This is
a multi-line
comment */
In C#, you declare variables with a specific data type. Common data types include int (integer), float (floating-point number), double (double-precision floating-point number), char (character), string (text), bool (Boolean), etc.
int myInt = 10;
float myFloat = 3.14f;
char myChar = 'A';
string myString = "Hello, world!";
bool myBool = true;
C# supports common control structures like if statements, switch statements, for loops, while loops, and do-while loops for flow control.
if (condition)
{
// code block
}
else if (anotherCondition)
{
// code block
}
else
{
// code block
}
switch (variable)
{
case value1:
// code block
break;
case value2:
// code block
break;
default:
// code block
break;
}
for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
{
// code block
}
while (condition)
{
// code block
}
do
{
// code block
} while (condition);
You can define methods (functions) to encapsulate reusable pieces of code. Methods can have parameters and return values.
Functions in C# are essentially methods, named blocks of code that perform tasks or computations. Like methods, they handle parameters and return values, aiding in code structuring and modularity. Both methods and functions are essential for organizing and executing logic in C# programming.
// Method definition
int Add(int a, int b)
{
return a + b;
}
// Method call
int result = Add(5, 3);
In C#, classes define the structure and behavior of objects, encapsulating data and methods. They include constructors to initialize objects, destructors to clean up resources, and support inheritance and interfaces for code reuse and contract enforcement. Access modifiers like public and private control member visibility, ensuring encapsulation.
To create objects, developers use the new keyword followed by the class name. Objects access class members using dot notation, allowing data manipulation and method invocation. C# supports both value types, storing data directly, and reference types, managing memory allocation and deallocation through the .NET garbage collector. In summary, C# classes facilitate modular, reusable, and maintainable code in software development.
class MyClass
{
// Fields (variables)
public int MyField;
// Constructor
public MyClass(int initialValue)
{
MyField = initialValue;
}
// Method
public void MyMethod()
{
// code block
}
}
// Creating an object of MyClass
MyClass myObject = new MyClass(10);
// Accessing fields and methods of the object
myObject.MyField = 20;
myObject.MyMethod();